They were, however, married five years after the year of their betrothal on or 7 June 1612 in Agra. Mumtaz Mahal was betrothed to Shah Jahan around 5 April 1607, when she was 14 years old at the time and he was 15. Jahangir must have heard about her, since he readily consented to Shah Jahan's engagement with her. Early in adolescence, she attracted the attention of important nobles of the realm.

She was reputed to have a combination of modesty and candor, a woman warmly straightforward yet bemusedly self-possessed. She was well-versed in Arabic and Persian languages and could compose poems in the latter. Mumtaz was remarkable in the field of learning and was a talented and cultured lady. Mumtaz also had a brother, Shaista Khan, who served as the governor of Bengal and various other provinces in the empire during Shah Jahan's reign. Her older sister, Parwar Khanum, married Sheikh Farid, the son of Nawab Qutubuddin Koka, the governor of Badaun, who was also the emperor Jahangir's foster brother. ДЄsaf Khan was also the older brother of Empress Nur Jahan, making Mumtaz a niece, and later, a step daughter-in-law of Nur Jahan, the chief consort of Emperor Jahangir, Shah Jahan's father. His family had come to India impoverished in 1577, when his father Mirza Ghias Beg (popularly known by his title of I'timad-ud-Daulah), was taken into the service of Emperor Akbar in Agra. Asaf Khan was a wealthy Persian noble who held high office in the Mughal Empire. Mumtaz Mahal was born as Arjumand Banu on 27 April 1593 in Agra to Abu'l-Hasan Asaf Khan and his wife Diwanji Begum, the daughter of a Persian noble, Khwaja Ghias-ud-din of Qazvin. As with other Mughal royal ladies, no contemporary likenesses of her are accepted, but numerous imagined portraits were created from the 19th century onwards. Shah Jahan had the Taj Mahal built as a tomb for her, which is considered to be a monument of undying love. Mumtaz Mahal died in 1631 in Burhanpur, Deccan (present-day Madhya Pradesh), during the birth of her 14th child, a daughter named Gauhar Ara Begum. Mumtaz and her husband had 14 children, including Jahanara Begum (Shah Jahan's favourite daughter), and the Crown prince Dara Shikoh, the heir-apparent, anointed by his father, who temporarily succeeded him, until deposed by Mumtaz Mahal's sixth child, Aurangzeb, who ultimately succeeded his father as the sixth Mughal emperor in 1658.

Although betrothed to Shah Jahan since 1607, she ultimately became his second wife in 1612. She was married at the age of 19 on or 16 June 1612 to Prince Khurram, later known by his regnal name Shah Jahan, who conferred upon her the title 'Mumtaz Mahal' (Persian: the exalted one of the palace).

She was the daughter of Abu'l-Hasan Asaf Khan, a wealthy Persian noble who held high office in the Mughal Empire, and the niece of Empress Nur Jahan, the chief wife of Emperor Jahangir and the power behind the emperor. Mumtaz Mahal was born Arjumand Banu Begum in Agra to a family of Persian nobility. The Taj Mahal in Agra, often cited as one of the Wonders of the World, was commissioned by her husband to act as her tomb. Mumtaz Mahal (, Persian: Щ…Щ…ШЄШ§ШІ Щ…ШЩ„вЂЋ, romanized: momtaz mahal born Arjumand Banu Begum, in Persian: Ш§Ш±Ш¬Щ…Щ†ШЇ ШЁШ§Щ†Щ€ ШЁЫЊЪЇЩ…вЂЋ 27 April 1593 вЂ“ 17 June 1631) was the empress consort of the Mughal Empire from 19 January 1628 to 17 June 1631 as the chief consort of the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan.

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